Injuries on Construction Sites
20th June 2022
Ensuring the safe operation of mobile cranes is crucial in the construction industry, especially in dynamic environments like South Africa, where strict safety standards are vital to preventing accidents and protecting workers. Daily pre-use inspections are a key component in maintaining the integrity of the equipment and ensuring safe operation. These inspections must be thorough, following a clear checklist of specific components and functions to evaluate. If any defects are identified, they should be immediately reported to the operator’s supervisor. Below is a detailed guide outlining the critical aspects that must be inspected daily before operating a mobile crane. A Mobile Crane Checklist is essential for ensuring that all safety protocols are adhered to, minimising risks and safeguarding both the equipment and personnel on-site.
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Test Run Unit and Control Operation
The first step is a comprehensive test run of the crane. The operator must verify that all controls return to a neutral position after use. The pendant or operator’s station operation should be checked to ensure that commands are being executed accurately. Equally important is testing the brakes for all crane motions, including lifting, lowering, and slewing movements. Effective brake performance is crucial to avoiding uncontrolled movements.
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Inspect Load Hook
The load hook is a vital component that bears the weight of the load. It must be inspected for any signs of wear and cracks. A compromised hook can lead to catastrophic failure, resulting in dropped loads and potential injuries. Ensure the hook is in good condition, free of excessive wear, and securely fastened.
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Check Carrier Structure
Inspect the carrier structure for any visible damage, cracks, broken bolts, or signs of excessive wear. The integrity of the carrier structure is fundamental to the crane’s overall stability. Weather damage, particularly corrosion or rust, can weaken the structure, so assessing and addressing any weather-related issues is essential.
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Inspect Hoist Ropes or Chains
Hoist ropes or chains must be examined for wear, fraying, or stretching. These components bear the entire load, so they must be in optimal condition. Any damaged ropes or chains should be replaced immediately to avoid failure during operation.
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Check Outriggers
Outriggers are essential for stabilising the crane during lifting operations. They should be tested to ensure they work properly and extend fully without any hindrance. Proper outrigger functioning ensures the crane remains stable and prevents tipping.
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Verify Warning Labels
All warning labels on the crane must be readable and intact. These labels provide crucial safety information to operators and other workers on-site. Faded or missing labels must be replaced immediately.
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Inspect Hoses for Damage and Leaks
The hydraulic hoses that control various crane functions must be free from damage or leaks. Leaking hoses can lead to hydraulic failure, compromising the crane’s ability to lift and move loads safely.
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Examine the Boom
The crane’s most prominent part, the boom, must be inspected for any signs of damage, including cracks, dents, or deformations. Additionally, ensure that the boom moves smoothly and safely during operation. Any irregularities in its movement could indicate underlying issues that need to be addressed.
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Check Load Indicators or Boom Angle Indicators
Load and boom angle indicators are essential for ensuring that the crane operates within its safe limits. These instruments must function correctly and verify their readings before lifting operations begin.
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Inspect Load Attachments
Load attachments, including chains, end connectors, and other lifting accessories, must be checked for capacity ratings, damage, excessive wear, twists, or stretches. The load attachment’s capacity rating should match the load’s weight to prevent overloading.
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Observe Crane Operation
The crane should be closely observed during operation for any binding, jerky movements, or unusual noises. These could be indicators of mechanical issues that need to be addressed. Additionally, check for cracks and deformations that might appear during operation, as these can compromise the crane’s structural integrity.
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Confirm the Operator’s Manual Is on Board
Finally, ensure that the operator’s manual is in the truck. The manual provides essential information on operating the crane safely and troubleshooting any issues that may arise.
Daily pre-use inspections are critical to ensuring the safe and efficient operation of mobile cranes. In South Africa, where compliance with safety regulations is paramount, these inspections protect workers and prevent costly equipment damage and project delays. By following this comprehensive checklist, crane operators and safety managers can contribute to a safer work environment and uphold the highest safety standards in the construction industry.
